Q:different markets types

Hello
This is first time :o
Question how many different markets types do you get on a chart like:
Trending, channel �. This the one I know.
Do thy happen in sum sort of a follow throw like up and down sort of hectic market followed by reconciliation?
Thanks for any one who can clarify it
(hopefully the English is understood as its not my strong side)

Could not say it better than Matt did!