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[B]Finance ministers agree framework for single supervisory body[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:

* ECB to oversee major European banks;
* European leaders meet on day one of the EU summit;
* Fed commits to additional $45 billion of Treasury Note purchases;
* Negotiations between Obama and Boehner stall.

Stock markets are expected to open relatively flat this morning despite progress being made at the EU finance ministers meeting over night.

Finance ministers came to an agreement for the ECB to become the single supervisory body for all major banks in the eurozone, while also having the power to intervene in smaller banks when necessary. The deal means that, as promised, we should have a roadmap in place by the end of the year as long as the finer details can be agreed at the EU summit today and tomorrow.

The one problem with this deal is that it was agreed in the early hours of the morning and appears a little rushed in order to meet the end of the year deadline. In the past this has meant that plenty of holes remain in the plan, which will be dealt with on another date. If this is the case we can only hope that this is dealt with at the EU summit because until I see the framework, I remain pessimistic.

There will be a number of items on the agenda at the EU summit this week, including setting up a road map for the single supervisory mechanism which will move the eurozone closer to becoming a banking union and deciding on whether to release Greece’s bailout payment following the completion of the debt buyback. They will also discuss a number of other ideas aimed at becoming more of an economic and monetary union.

The two day meeting of the Federal Reserve went largely as expected this week. The statement yesterday confirmed that Operation Twist, which expires at the end of this year, will be replaced with another $45 billion dollars per month of Treasury Note purchases. This will now add $85 billion per month to the Fed’s balance sheet.

One surprising aspect to the press conference which followed was the Fed’s commitment to keep interest rates close to 0%, until unemployment fell to 6.5% or inflation is projected to rise above 2.5%. The surprise here is not so much that it is linked to unemployment, because that was always assumed.

The surprising part comes from the fact that the target rate has been set, something that has not been done before. In the past, there has simply been a commitment to keep them low until a given date in the future.

Discussions over the fiscal cliff are ongoing between Barack Obama and John Boehner, although progress appears to be slowing. Boehner is believed to have stated that Obama is not committed to the balanced deal he speaks of in the press, making a deal very difficult.

This is clearly just tactics by Obama, looking to get the best deal for the Democrats, however it is going to reach a point when it will become counter productive. With businesses not hiring amid the uncertainty and consumers less likely to spend, a deal needs to be done as soon as possible, which means we need less games and more serious negotiations.

The euro is trading higher against the dollar this morning. The pair has broken above the descending trend line dating back to September’s highs and looks likely to…

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Craig Erlam talks about the Federal Reserve statement and press conference last night and the EU summit today including the agreement on the ECB becoming the eurozone’s single supervisory body. He then takes a look a the USDJPY chart after we saw a significant breakout yesterday.

Forex research: Global markets daily

[B]Stock markets boosted by strong Chinese manufacturing data[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• Chinese manufacturing data improves for a fifth month;
• Boehner confirms that spending negotiations stalling fiscal cliff deal;
• EU summit continues as leaders work towards closer integration;
• Eurozone manufacturing and services data expected to show small improvement.

Stock markets are expected to open slightly higher this morning after Chinese manufacturing data showed further improvement in December.

The HSBC flash manufacturing PMI came out at 50.9, the highest figure since October 2011. It is also the fifth consecutive month that the figure has improved which suggests, along with other data, that the economy bottomed out back in the third quarter.

As always with Chinese manufacturing data, this is good news globally as well as domestically. A strong China will be key to driving the global recovery. It also suggests that external demand is improving which is consistent with data we’ve seen out of the US and the eurozone in recent months.

House of Representatives Speaker John Boehner confirmed what we already suspected last night. He claimed that the only thing standing in the way of a deal on the fiscal cliff is a disagreement on spending cuts. It is difficult to say at the moment whether Barack Obama is testing the resolve of the Republicans because he knows he still has time, or if he is genuinely negotiating much harder than is reasonable.

One thing that is becoming clear is that people in the markets are losing their patience with the negotiations and are beginning to prepare for the worst. Every day, more and more people appear to be coming round to the idea that a deal will be done in January at the earliest and we’re seeing this in the stock indices with the rally slowing dramatically. It’s only a matter of time until it starts to head in the other direction.

EU leaders are expected to meet again today to work towards closer integration. There has been concerns that…

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Forex research: Global markets daily

[B]Stock markets flat as hopes of fiscal cliff deal begin to fade[/B]

Today’s US opening call provides an update on:
• Fiscal cliff looms with congress not close to a deal;
• Shinzo Abe wins Japanese election;
• Quiet day in Europe with no major economic data releases.

Stock markets are expected to open relatively flat this morning as uncertainty over the fiscal cliff continues to grow.

Negotiations will continue this week between Barack Obama and John Boehner, with investors hoping for an acceptable compromise. Both are retaining a tough stance in the media, showing no signs of budging on the main issues including spending cuts on entitlements, tax hikes on the top 2% of earners and raising the debt ceiling.

This tough stance is paralysing the markets as investors become less and less convinced that a deal with be done. It seemed unthinkable a few weeks ago that the country would be allowed to go over the cliff but unless both parties soften their stance a little and actually negotiate, that is exactly what we’ll see, with the stock markets falling off a cliff of their own.

Japan held its general election over the weekend, which as expected results in a win for the Liberal Democratic Party, led by Shinzo Abe. Japan has seen extremely low levels of growth in recent years and has a huge debt pile, however that hasn’t deterred Abe who has promised large stimulus to boost the economy.

He is also expected to increase pressure on the Bank of Japan in a bid to force it to increase its stimulus program and cut interest rates. These efforts, as well as boosting the economy, should weaken the yen and therefore boost exports.

It is going to be a very quiet day in Europe, following what has been a very busy few weeks. There’s no announcements expected today and no major economic data due to be released. Not that this would make much of a difference in the markets, with sentiment being dominated globally by concerns over the US fiscal cliff.

The euro is trading lower against the dollar this morning. The pair closed the week above 1.3150, the 38.2% retracement of the move from May 2011 highs to July 2012 lows, which is a very significant move as its the first time it has closed above here since April. This morning it is also finding support from 38.2 fib line which suggests…

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[B]Progress in fiscal cliff talks raise hopes of a deal by year end[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• Fiscal cliff talks take a huge step forward as Obama makes serious counter-offer;
• A deal before year end no longer unrealistic;
• UK inflation data opens the door to more QE in Q1.

European stock markets are expected to open higher this morning after fiscal cliff negotiations took a big step forwards.

Last night Barack Obama finally made his first serious counter-offer to the House Speaker John Boehner. Over the weekend, Boehner took the first step towards a deal, offering increased taxes for millionaires in exchange for cuts to entitlement spending. This appears to have finally got the ball rolling with neither party showing any willingness to negotiate up until this point.

There was still an element of caution in the markets following Boehner’s offer as both parties have to be willing to negotiate for these talks to go anywhere. Now that we’ve seen this counter-offer from Obama, the chances of a deal by the end of the year appears to have increased significantly, hence the extremely positive reaction in the markets.

What’s even more positive is that both Boehner’s offer and Obama’s counter-offer are not a million miles away. This suggests a deal could be done before year end, helping stock markets end the year on a high, while also saving the US from another humiliating credit rating downgrade.

The UK November CPI figure is due to be released this morning and is expected to show that inflation fell slightly to 2.6%. This is a slight improvement on last month, but…

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Forex research: Global markets daily

[B]BoE minutes expected to close door on further stimulus in Q1[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• German businesses expect conditions to improve next year;
• Eurozone current account figure expected to show rebound from surprise drop;
• MPC minutes expected to show little support for additional stimulus.

Stock markets are expected to open higher this morning as hopes of a deal on the fiscal cliff continue to grow.

There has been significant progress in talks so far this week, with Boehner making an offer that included tax hikes on the wealthy, while Obama made a counter-offer that included $1.22 trillion in spending cuts. The numbers being discussed by both parties are not too different any more making a deal by the end of the year highly probable all of a sudden.

The German Ifo figure this morning is expected to show that businesses are more optimistic about the first half of next year than they have been in recent months. While this is understandable given the progress that has been made in the euro area recently, the Bundesbank did claim that Germany could enter recession in Q1, which may push the figure lower than expected.

The eurozone current account figure will be more encouraging. The figure surprisingly dropped to €0.8 billion in September, which suggests that people were moving their money out of the region having anticipated further difficulties ahead. A figure around €5.8 billion in October would suggest that was a temporary blip, however another poor number would be concerning in an area that desperately needs an influx of spending and investment.

The MPC minutes will be released at 9.30 this morning, although we’re not expecting any surprises here. A large number of members are believed to have been against any further asset purchases at this moment. With inflation creeping higher, the minutes are expected to show that policy makers believed the inflation risk was greater than the potential benefit of further asset purchases.

Not only that, but there is likely to have been a discussion on…

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Craig Erlam talks about the Bank of England minutes, Greece’s credit rating upgrade and the German Ifo Business Climate figure. He then takes a look at the cable chart where the pair is trading at a significant resistance level.

Forex research: Global markets daily

[B]Political sparring continues as hopes of fiscal cliff deal fade[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• Obama plans to veto Republican plan B;
• Bank of Japan increases its asset purchase program by ¥10 trillion;
• UK retail sales could receive boost from early Christmas shopping.

Stock markets are expected to open lower this morning, following the lead from across the pond as fiscal cliff talks stall.

Just as investors started to feel optimistic that a deal would be done by the end of the year, political sparring reared its ugly head once again with the Republicans this time on the offensive. John Boehner offered the White House a plan B in case a deal could not be agreed which would kick the can down the road once again on tax issues, while not addressing spending issues.

It’s actually very clever by the Republicans as they have now publicly declared that a rejection of the “plan B” would mean the Democrats are responsible for the tax hikes which will impact all Americans, not just those earning over $1 million.

The problem with it though is it goes no way to resolving the issue and has little chance of being accepted, which means more time is being wasted when they only have 12 days to reach a deal. This is what’s pushing the stock markets lower this morning, the focus on gathering political support as opposed to doing everything they can to avoid the fiscal cliff.

The Bank of Japan opted to increase the asset purchase program by ¥10 trillion this morning following its two day monthly meeting. The members claimed a high degree of uncertainty in the economy forced the decision, however there’s nothing really uncertain about it.

Japan is in recession as growth continues to elude them, they have been caught in a deflationary spiral for years now and despite recent weakness, they have a strong currency that is hurting exports. The reaction in the markets was…

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Craig Erlam talks about John Boehner’s “Plan B”, the BoJ press conference and this afternoon’s key economic data releases. He then takes a look at the cable chart, with the pair trading at a very significant level.

Forex research: Global markets daily

[B]Fiscal cliff deal in doubt as Republicans reject “Plan B”[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• Republicans in the House reject “Plan B”;
• Fiscal cliff deal in doubt with only a few days left to come to an agreement;
• No revision expected in UK third quarter GDP.

A deal to avoid the fiscal cliff was put in serious doubt last night when the Republicans cancelled a vote on “Plan B”.

The vote which was supposed to take place yesterday was cancelled as there was not enough Republicans that were prepared to vote in favour of the bill. This is a huge concern as there is only 10 days to go until the deadline and the Republicans can’t even agree on a bill written by their own party that didn’t even get approval from Obama.

What chance is there then off Republicans in the House agreeing on a deal that meets Obama half way. The timing of this could also not be worse with members of Congress not due to meet again until after Christmas when they’ll have only a few days to come to an agreement that has proven too difficult in the six weeks or so of negotiations so far.

The reaction we’ve already seen to this in stock market futures is likely to be minor compared to what we’ll see over the course of the day. To an extent, a deal to avoid the cliff has been priced in, and this is the first time that a deal to avoid the fiscal cliff has looked less likely than going over it.

The final GDP figure due out of the UK later on this morning isn’t likely to bring any surprises. It is expected to…

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James Hughes talks about last night’s no vote in congress over a potential fiscal cliff deal as well as what else is driving the markets as traders deal with the lack of volume that comes with the last full trading day before Christmas.

Forex research: Global markets daily

[B]Christmas rally set to continue despite ongoing US worries[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:

• Santa rally expected to continue after better than expected retail sales;
• The countdown to the fiscal cliff continues with under 5 days to go;
• The US treasury attempts to delay reaching Debt ceiling;
• US CB Consumer Confidence figure set to drop in response to heightened economic worries;

Monday saw an unexpected rise in the European indices, despite the on-going worries within the US economy. Significant increases within the FTSE, CAC and DAX reflected the so called annual ‘Santa rally’, closely tied with retail sales of Christmas and Boxing Day.
Retailers saw some of the strongest Christmas sales ever as online stores shifted deals forward, prompting shoppers to start purchasing on Christmas day. The emphasis upon bargain shopping is closely tied to the global downturn and the apprehension of cash-strapped shoppers to buy at full price. However, this is typically linked with a reduction in sales within January to compensate for the lower disposable income available.

The fiscal cliff continues to figure as the central worry within market considerations as the countdown passes the 5 day mark. Recent developments have pointed towards a potential small-scale bill as Barack Obama returned from his Christmas holidays early in order to put together a last minute bill.

The next 48 hours are crucial as Obama is expected to piece together a deal with Senate majority leader Harry Reid and put it to congress. This bill would extend tax cuts for those earning below $250,000; a deal which the President has proposed on a weekly basis since his re-election. However, the ability for this last-minute bill to be approved will rest largely upon attaining the crucial 60 person approval rate to avoid a senate filibuster. More crucially, this bill would require at least seven republicans to approve this bill to pass through the senate.

The inability for House Speaker John Boehner to get his ‘Plan B’ tax proposal approved last week has increased talk of his potential demise. Should the country fail to find a resolution to the fiscal cliff issue by the 1 January deadline, it is widely expected that Boehner is in line to lose his post.

The new year is also crucial for the US economy owing to the existence of the debt ceiling, which if unmoved will most likely be hit by December 31st. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner issued a letter on Wednesday indicating that on Monday, the Treasury was just $95bn below the $16.394trn debt ceiling.

Geithner announced that a number of measures are likely to be introduced immediately to delay reaching this level. However…

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James talks about the Christmas week lack of volume. He also looks President Obama’s return to Washington for fiscal cliff talks and the outlook for UK house prices in 2013.

Forex research: Global markets daily

[B]US fears continue to dominate as markets await resolution[/B]

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• Fiscal Cliff remains at the top of the agenda as HoR set up last minute meeting for Sunday
• Volatility rises as stock markets react to the on-going US fiscal countdown
• White House meeting set for tomorrow as last gasp bill is set to be drawn up
• Japanese data disappoints to compound LDP argument that BoJ need to step up loosening measures

The fiscal cliff remains at the centre of global focus as the ongoing crisis continues to provide direction for much of the major indices. Thursday saw a distinct drop-off in the FTSE, CAC and DAX throughout the day after a positive first half of the day. This is a likely response to the realignment of markets to the impending US crisis after domestic retail spending provided a boost to market sentiment across Europe.

US Senator Harry Reid’s comments yesterday sparked an almost instantaneous sell-off across the markets after admitting that it is now most likely that the US will go over the so-called ‘fiscal cliff’. This is no doubt a clear political tool where the democratic leaders are ensuring the nation blames any potential non deal on the republican held House of Representatives (HoR).

In response, the HoR have called all members back to Washington for Sunday; the day before the much fabled 1 January, when the fiscal cliff taxation hikes and spending cuts take effect. This provided the US equity markets with a belief that there will be a last minute deal and as such there was an immediate recovery of the day’s losses within both the Dow Jones Industrial Average and S&P500 indices.

This volatility within the markets, as dictated by the fiscal cliff developments is evident as the CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) rose above 20 for the first time since July.

This provides a very small timescale for the resolution of the fiscal cliff and thus there is very little room for manoeuvre after months of negotiations and political posturing. The final game of brinkmanship is now reliant upon the Democrats producing a piece of legislation which is likely to be approved by the HoR. However, given the unwillingness of the republicans to play ball on previous occasions, as indicated by the rejection of the bill to increase tax rates for those earning above $1m annually, it is not known how far the democrats need to go to put a bill together that will obtain approval.

In all likeliness there will be a shortened version of the bill, which will no doubt include an extension of the tax breaks for those earning below $250,000; the so called 98%. The on-going discussions have been centred on that top bracket of earners, (accounting for 2% of the nation if the $250,000 bracket is utilised). It is most likely that this short term fix will push the issue of tax for high earners back into the New Year.

A meeting of democratic representatives within the senate and congress is reportedly due on Friday and therefore we are likely to see much posturing from the left leadership regarding their willingness to get a deal pushed through.

Japanese markets continued to rally throughout the Asian session despite…

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Today Joshua Mahony discusses the impending fiscal cliff negotiations and the potential repercussions. Also in view is the Japanese economy and comments from Finance Minister Taro Ase. Todays charts in focus are cable (GBP/USD) and Eurodollar (EUR/USD).

Forex research: Global markets daily

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• Final day before fiscal cliff as talks continue to stall
• Senate negotiators to resume discussions at 11am ET
• Angela Merkel reaffirms that Eurozone crisis is far from over
• Volumes low owing to bank holidays

The most important weekend for the fiscal cliff has ended without a hint of progress. It emerged late on Sunday that the crucial discussions between both Republican and Democratic representatives are still wide apart despite the clear urgency. Therefore, as it stands, the US looks likely to go over the fiscal cliff on 1 January and subsequently the markets are expected to respond negatively.

Sunday saw intense negotiations between the Senate and House as both sides tried to thrash out a deal to avert the crisis. However, as the day wore on, the rhetoric emanating from both sides soon became soured, with many starting to cast blame upon the demands of the other.

President Barack Obama indicated he was highly disappointed by the Republican stance and insisted that while he was focused upon piecing together a plan which would ensure the majority of Americans here secure, the Republicans were constantly transfixed on protecting tax breaks for the rich. In a move aimed at looking beyond the hope for an immediate deal, Obama disclosed that should all fail and taxes be increased, he would ensure that a new bill were introduced to cut them when the congress reconvenes on 4 January.

This willingness to discuss what were to happen should the US go over the fiscal cliff is notable as many believe there simply isn’t time to agree a deal for the cliff and subsequently more emphasis is likely to be put upon limiting the repercussions in the immediate future. One thing to note is that for an individual’s income tax to be increased, it would only kick in after the first pay period once the new withholding tables were released by the IRS. Thus it is likely that many of the fiscal cliff measures allow a certain amount of room within which the government can introduce measures to refrain from any tax increases.

Discussions are set to resume today at 11am ET according to Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid.
German PM Angela Merkel used her New Year’s address to warn Europeans against complacency off the back of one of the toughest years of economic change in the history of the single currency. In the address, the German leader reminded the nation of the linkages between a prosperous Germany and a strong European Union; a comment clearly aimed at addressing the growing dissatisfaction felt throughout the nation.

Merkel highlighted the need for all Europeans to ensure that they continue to be patient, noting that “the crisis is far from over”. This is notable given those comments contradicted the German finance minister who recently disclosed that he thought the worst of the crisis was over. This resonates with comments made by ECB policymaker Joerg Asmussen over the weekend who claimed…

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Joshua Mahony discusses the days hot topics, including a focus upon the impending fiscal cliff. Today’s charts in focus are the Cable (GBP/USD) and Eurodollar (EUR/USD) pairs.

Forex research: Global markets daily

Today’s UK opening call provides an update on:
• Senate passed fiscal cliff bill to increase taxes, yet HoR approval required;
• Thursday is the new deadline set to pass this bill, before the process begins again;
• House Republicans threatened spending amendments, throwing deal back into doubt;
• House subsequently approves new bill to avoid the fiscal cliff;
• European PMI figures due, yet continue to be overshadowed by fiscal cliff;
• Bank holidays reduce trade volumes, with continued volatility expected;

Last minute discussions on Monday evening looked likely to generate a bill which could have averted the so called fiscal cliff. However, given the last minute nature of this, there was clearly no way of getting such bill passed in time for the midnight deadline. As a result, the US has ‘technically’ passed over the fiscal cliff, yet as previously thought, it turns out to be much more a fiscal hill than a fiscal cliff owing to the staggered and gradual nature of the $600bn of tax hikes and spending cuts.

It was the early hours of Tuesday morning when the news broke that a deal had been put together and ratified within the senate overwhelmingly at 89 votes to 8. The bill included 4.6% tax rate rises for those earning over $400k and families earning above $450k. Also, the bill proposed that the fiscal cliff sequester ($110bn of spending cuts) should be postponed by two months. This coincides with the period whereby American is set to reach the current debt ceiling.

This deal was subsequently passed onto the Republican controlled House of Representatives (HoR) to achieve a vote of confidence before the Thursday deadline when 112th congress officially ends.

The ability of those Republicans within the Senate to agree to the new bill provided markets with an increased expectation that this denoted the House Republicans would follow suit. However, it soon became clear that the lack of spending cuts provided a key sticking point within the House and in particular House Majority Leader Eric Cantor said he would not support the bill.

However, late on Tuesday night, the House managed to approve the bill by 257 votes to 167. A majority of the Republicans within the House rejected the Senate proposed legislation, yet this was not enough to defeat it. Therefore this counts as somewhat of a victory for Democrats who has managed to avoid the issue of spending cuts, yet there is also the view that to extend tax cuts for all earning under $450k is essentially doing so for near enough the whole population.

The bill is now passed on to the White House, where Barack Obama is expected to sign it into law before any ill effect from the fiscal cliff could be felt by the economy.

The equity markets are expected to rally significantly in response, with Cantor Index forecasting the Dax to open +100pts, and CAC to be up +45pts. The FTSE100 futures point to an +82 point increase.

European PMI figures are due out today, which provides an opportunity to refocus minds upon the fact that there are significant weaknesses closer to home despite the current emphasis upon US politics. Most notably…

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