I have to shake my head every time I hear a trader talk about forex brokers trading against their clients.
Yes. They take the other side of your trade. That’s call market making. It happens in every market. Who do you think is on the other side of your trade in stocks, futures, or options? Chances are, it’s a market maker. In some cases, that market maker is your brokerage firm (especially in OTC trading). Does that mean they are trading against you?
No, it doesn’t. It just means they are taking your trade with the expectation that they will also be taking an offsetting trade from someone else so they can make their spread (though if the market is moving quickly, they could lose money by not being able to do that offset at a profitable rate, which is why you can see spreads widen in high volatility periods). They are not in the business of holding positions, so if all the customer trades aren’t balanced, they will go in to the market and offset whatever exposure they have remaining.
To make it more clear, let’s assume you are the only customer your broker has. If you buy 100,000 EUR/USD, and your broker acts as market maker, they now have a liability (a short position) of 100,000 EUR/USD. They don’t want that because it exposes them to risk, so they go in to the market and buy 100,000 EUR/USD to offset. Now your position and the broker’s positon match.
Now imagine that done a thousand times across all customers. Many positions will offset, so the broker doesn’t have to hedge all the positions in the market, but where they don’t match up they will. That means the broker will have the same net position in the market as their customers, but because they have the offsetting liability to those customers, their exposure will be neutralized.
It all comes down to one thing - trade volume. Brokers want people to do trades because that’s where the money is for them. In stocks and futures that means commissions. In forex (in most cases) that means spreads. Just like your stock broker isn’t exposing themself to the risk of having a position in the markets, neither is your forex broker.