A shortage of baby formula has provoked misleading partisan claims that suggest President Joe Biden is responsible for the “bare shelves.” But the shortage has been caused by a recall and plant shutdown by a major manufacturer and ongoing supply-chain issues due to the pandemic.
The U.S. shortage has been driven largely by a recall from Abbott Nutrition, a major manufacturer of formula, and ongoing supply-chain issues exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, according to experts.
Recall Following Illness and Deaths of Infants
Between September and January, four infants became ill with Cronobacter, a bacterial infection, and two of them died. The Food and Drug Administration is still investigating.
Strict Regulations on Baby Formula
“Since the shutdown of Abbott Nutrition’s Sturgis facility … the remaining baby formula manufacturers have struggled to quickly increase production because their operations were planned and designed to produce a steady level of product based on their pre-production projections of consumer demand,” Kevin Lyons, a professor at Rutgers Business School with expertise in supply chain management, told FactCheck.org in an email.
Pandemic Supply-Chain Challenges
Supply-chain problems include raw material and labor shortages, Lyons said, as well as suppliers and consumers making panic purchases.
Sources
Datasembly. Press release. “Nation-wide Out-Of-Stock is now at 43% for the week ending May 8th.” 10 May 2022.
White House. Press release. “FACT SHEET: President Biden Announces Additional Steps to Address Infant Formula Shortage.” 12 May 2022.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. “Abbott Voluntarily Recalls Powder Formulas Manufactured at One Plant.” 17 Feb 2022.
Dumas, Breck. “Baby formula shortage hits ‘crisis’ level, sparking panic in parents across US.” Fox Business. Updated 10 May 2022.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. “FDA Investigation of Cronobacter Infections: Powdered Infant Formula (February 2022).” Updated 11 May 2022.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Cronobacter and Powdered Infant Formula Investigation.” Updated 12 May 2022.
National WIC Association. “WIC Providers Respond to Abbott Recall of Powder Infant Formula.” 23 Feb 2022.
Oliveira, Victor. U.S. Department of Agriculture. “Winner Takes (Almost) All: How WIC Affects the Infant Formula Market.” 1 Sep 2011.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. “FDA Takes Important Steps to Improve Supply of Infant and Specialty Formula Products.” 10 May 2022.
Abbott. Press release. “Abbott Provides Infant Formula Update.” 11 May 2022.
Lyons, Kevin. Professor, Rutgers Business School. Email to FactCheck.org. 11 May 2022.
Wowak, Kaitlin. Professor, University of Notre Dame’s Mendoza College of Business. Email to FactCheck.org 12 May 2022.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. “Questions & Answers for Consumers Concerning Infant Formula.” Updated 7 Mar 2018.
H.R.6940. An act to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to strengthen the authority under that Act to assure the safety and nutrition of infant formulas, and for other purposes. As enacted 26 Sep 1980.